Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Christopher J L Murray, Cristiana Abbafati, Kaja Abbas, Mohammad Hossein Abbasi, Mohsen Abbasi‐Kangevari, Foad Abd-Allah, Mohammad Abdollahı, Parisa Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Hassan Abolhassani, Victor Aboyans, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Eman Abu‐Gharbieh, Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Alyssa Acebedo, Ilana N. Ackerman, Maryam Adabi, Abdu A. Adamu, Oladimeji Adebayo, Jaimie D. Adelson, Olatunji Adetokunboh, Mohsen Afarideh, Ashkan Afshin, Gina Agarwal, Anurag Agrawal, Tauseef Ahmad, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Budi Aji, Tomi Akinyemiju, Blessing Akombi-Inyang, Fares Alahdab, Khurshid Alam, Fahad Alanezi, Turki M Alanzi, Samuel B Albertson, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Megbaru Alemu, Khalid F. AlHabib, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Ali, Gianfranco Alicandro, Vahid Alipour, Hesam Alizade, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, François Alla, Peter Allebeck, Majid A. Almadi, Amir Almasi‐Hashiani, Hesham M. Al‐Mekhlafi, Abdulaziz M. Almulhim, Jordi Alonso, Rajaa Al‐Raddadi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis‐Guzmán, Bekalu Amare, Azmeraw T. Amare, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Dickson A Amugsi, Etsay Woldu Anbesu, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, Jason A Anderson, Tudorel Andrei, Cătălina Liliana Andrei, Mina Anjomshoa, Fereshteh Ansari, Alireza Ansari‐Moghaddam, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Catherine M Antony, Davood Anvari, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Jalal Arabloo, Morteza Arab‐Zozani, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Aseb Arba, Timur Aripov, Johan Ärnlöv, Oluwaseyi Olalekan Arowosegbe, Malke Asaad, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Ali A. Asadi‐Pooya, Charlie Ashbaugh, Michael Assmus, Maha Atout, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ausloos, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Samad Azari, Zelalem Nigussie Azene, B B Darshan, Ebrahim Babaee, Alaa Badawi, Ashish Badiye
Abstract
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3·5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.