Titanium Dioxide/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite-Based Humidity Sensors with Improved Performance
Ammar Al‐Hamry, Igor A. Pašti, Olfa Kanoun
Abstract
Accurate relative humidity (RH) measurement is critical in many applications, from process control and material preservation to ensuring human comfort and well-being. This study presents high-performance humidity sensors based on titanium oxide nanoparticles/graphene oxide (TiO2/GO) composites, which demonstrate excellent sensing capabilities compared to pure GO-based sensors. The multilayer structure of the TiO2/GO composites enables the enhanced adsorption of water molecules and improved dynamic properties while providing dual-mode sensing capability through both resistive and capacitive measurements. Sensors with different TiO2/GO ratios were systematically investigated to optimize performance over different humidity ranges. The TiO2/GO sensor achieved remarkable sensitivity (8.66 × 104 Ω/%RH), a fast response time (0.61 s), and fast recovery (0.87 s) with minimal hysteresis (4.09%). In particular, the sensors demonstrated excellent mechanical stability, maintaining reliable performance under bending conditions, together with excellent cyclic stability and long-term durability. Temperature dependence studies showed consistent performance under controlled temperature conditions, with the potential for temperature-compensated measurements. These results highlight TiO2/GO nanocomposites as promising candidates for next-generation humidity sensing applications, offering enhanced sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and operational stability. The dual-mode sensing capability combined with mechanical durability opens up new possibilities for flexible and wearable humidity-sensing devices.