Comparative evaluation of remineralization potential of nanohydroxyapatite crystals, bioactive glass, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate, and fluoride on initial enamel lesion (scanning electron microscope analysis) – An in vitro study

Abstract

<b>Aim:</b> The aim of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of four different remineralizing agents, i.e., nanohydroxyapatite crystals, bioactive glass, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and fluoride on initial enamel lesion.<br><b>Materials and Methods:</b> Sixty human maxillary central incisors were used in the present study. Samples were randomly divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 15). Group 1: nanohydroxyapatite-containing dentifrice (Acclaim); Group 2: bioactive glass containing-dentifrice (SHY-NM); Group 3: CPP-ACP-containing dentifrice; and Group 4: fluoride-containing dentifrice. Baseline microhardness was checked, followed by immersion of teeth samples in demineralizing and remineralizing solution. This was followed by a pH cycle of 10 days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni method. After this, scanning electron microscopic analysis was done to evaluate remineralization.<br><b>Results:</b> Statistical analysis of data was conducted using ANOVA, and multiple comparisons within groups were done using the Bonferroni method (<i>post hoc</i> tests). The decision criterion was to reject the null hypothesis if <i>P</i> < 0.05. If there was a significant difference between the groups, multiple comparisons (<i>post hoc</i> test) using the Bonferroni test were carried out.<br><b>Conclusion:</b> There is a significant difference in mean microhardness between the groups after remineralization. The mean value was found to be highest for nanohydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, CPP-ACP, and fluoride in descending order.<br>

Topics & Concepts