Immunotoxicity of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: from toxic mechanisms to metabolism and outcomes
Jiaming Bi, Chuzi Mo, Siwei Li, Mingshu Huang, Yunhe Lin, Peiyan Yuan, Zhongjun Liu, Bo Jia, Shuaimei Xu
Abstract
. Also, we discuss the relationship between the possible regulatory effect of nanoparticles on immunometabolism and their immunotoxic effects. Finally, we present perspectives on the future research and development direction of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials to promote scientific research on the health risks of nanomaterials and reduce their adverse effects on human health.
Topics & Concepts
MetalChemistryOxideImmune systemNanoparticleMetabolismMetal toxicityNanotechnologyBiochemistryImmunologyMaterials scienceBiologyOrganic chemistryNanoparticles: synthesis and applicationsImmunotoxicology and immune responsesHeavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity