Experimental and theoretical evaluation of synthetized cobalt oxide for phenol adsorption: Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies
Adil Lammini, Ali Dehbi, Hind Omari, Kaoutar Elazhari, Smahane Mehanned, Youssera Bengamra, Younes Dehmani, Rachid Oukhrib, Awad A. Alrashdi, Obey Gotore, Abdelaziz Abdellaoui, Hassane Lgaz
Abstract
Water pollution by phenolic composites is considered a major environmental problem. Therefore, their removal by adsorption is of great practical importance. In this paper, the synthesized cobalt oxide Co3O4 was used as an adsorbent for the adsorption of phenol in an aqueous medium. A DFT calculation has been carried out to determine the sites accountable for the interactions in phenol molecule, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to understand the mechanism of interaction between phenol molecule and Co3O4 surface. The developed adsorbent was characterized by physicochemical methods including XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and BET. The maximum adsorption capacity was observed at pH = 4 with an adsorbed amount of 8.10 mg/g and (R = 98 %). Furthermore, to probe the adsorption action of the phenolic emulsion on the cobalt oxide face, theoretical simulations based on MD (molecular dynamics) and DFT (viscosity functional proposal) were performed. The DFT results verified the chemisorption ascendancy while the MD simulations indicated an increased trade of Co3O4 with phenol in the presence of detergent due to water-bridged H- bonds.