Kilogram-Scale GMP Manufacture of Tirzepatide Using a Hybrid SPPS/LPPS Approach with Continuous Manufacturing
Michael O. Frederick, Raymond A. Boyse, Timothy M. Braden, Joel R. Calvin, Bradley M. Campbell, Shujauddin M. Changi, Stephanie R. Coffin, Carmel Condon, Olivia Gowran, Jennifer McClary Groh, Stephen R. Groskreutz, Zachary D. Harms, Ashley A. Humenik, Neil J. Kallman, Nicholas D. Klitzing, Michael E. Kopach, Juliana K. Kretsinger, Gordon R. Lambertus, J. T. Lampert, Laura M. Maguire, H.A. Moynihan, Nessa S. Mullane, John D. Murphy, Marie E. O’Mahony, Rachel N. Richey, Kevin D. Seibert, Richard D. Spencer, Mark A. Strege, Nil Tandogan, Frank L. Torres Torres, Sergey V. Tsukanov, Han Xia
Abstract
The large-scale manufacture of complex synthetic peptides is challenging due to many factors such as manufacturing risk (including failed product specifications) as well as processes that are often low in both yield and overall purity. To overcome these liabilities, a hybrid solid-phase peptide synthesis/liquid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS/LPPS) approach was developed for the synthesis of tirzepatide. Continuous manufacturing and real-time analytical monitoring ensured the production of high-quality material, while nanofiltration provided intermediate purification without difficult precipitations. Implementation of the strategy worked very well, resulting in a robust process with high yields and purity.