Stabilization of N6 and N8 anionic units and 2D polynitrogen layers in high-pressure scandium polynitrides
Andrey Aslandukov, Alena Aslandukovа, Dominique Laniel, Saiana Khandarkhaeva, Yuqing Yin, Fariia Iasmin Akbar, Stella Chariton, Vitali B. Prakapenka, Eleanor Lawrence Bright, Carlotta Giacobbe, Jonathan P. Wright, Davide Comboni, Michael Hanfland, Natalia Dubrovinskaia, Leonid Dubrovinsky
Abstract
Abstract Nitrogen catenation under high pressure leads to the formation of polynitrogen compounds with potentially unique properties. The exploration of the entire spectrum of poly- and oligo-nitrogen moieties is still in its earliest stages. Here, we report on four novel scandium nitrides, Sc 2 N 6 , Sc 2 N 8 , ScN 5, and Sc 4 N 3 , synthesized by direct reaction between yttrium and nitrogen at 78-125 GPa and 2500 K in laser-heated diamond anvil cells. High-pressure synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that in the crystal structures of the nitrogen-rich Sc 2 N 6 , Sc 2 N 8, and ScN 5 phases nitrogen is catenated forming previously unknown N 6 6 − and N 8 6 − units and $${\!\,}_{\infty }{\!\,}^{2}({{{{{\rm{N}}}}}}_{5}^{3-})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mspace/> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>∞</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mspace/> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> anionic corrugated 2D-polynitrogen layers consisting of fused N 12 rings. Density functional theory calculations, confirming the dynamical stability of the synthesized compounds, show that Sc 2 N 6 and Sc 2 N 8 possess an anion-driven metallicity, while ScN 5 is an indirect semiconductor. Sc 2 N 6 , Sc 2 N 8 , and ScN 5 solids are promising high-energy-density materials with calculated volumetric energy density, detonation velocity, and detonation pressure higher than those of TNT.