Levenberg–Marquardt Backpropagation for Numerical Treatment of Micropolar Flow in a Porous Channel with Mass Injection
Hakeem Ullah, İmran Khan, Hussain AlSalman, Saeed Islam, Muhammad Asif Zahoor Raja, Muhammad Shoaib, Abdu Gumaei, Mehreen Fiza, Kashif Ullah, Sk. Md. Mizanur Rahman, Muhammad Ayaz
Abstract
In this research work, an effective Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm‐based artificial neural network (LMA‐BANN) model is presented to find an accurate series solution for micropolar flow in a porous channel with mass injection (MPFPCMI). The LMA is one of the fastest backpropagation methods used for solving least‐squares of nonlinear problems. We create a dataset to train, test, and validate the LMA‐BANN model regarding the solution obtained by optimal homotopy asymptotic (OHA) method. The proposed model is evaluated by conducting experiments on a dataset acquired from the OHA method. The experimental results are obtained by using mean square error (MSE) and absolute error (AE) metric functions. The learning process of the adjustable parameters is conducted with efficacy of the LMA‐BANN model. The performance of the developed LMA‐BANN for the modelled problem is confirmed by achieving the best promise numerical results of performance in the range of E‐05 to E‐08 and also assessed by error histogram plot (EHP) and regression plot (RP) measures.