Assessment tool addresses implementation challenges of ecosystem-based management principles in marine spatial planning processes
Ibon Galparsoro, Natalia Montero, Gotzon Mandiola, Iratxe Menchaca, Ángel Borja, Wesley Flannery, Stelios Katsanevakis, Simonetta Fraschetti, Erika Fabbrizzi, Michael Elliott, María Bas, Steve Barnard, G.J. Piet, Sylvaine Giakoumi, Maren Kruse, Benedict McAteer, Robert Mzungu Runya, Olga Lukyanova, Telmo Morato, Annaïk Van Gerven, S. Degraer, Stefan Neuenfeldt, Vanessa Stelzenmüller
Abstract
Ecosystem-based marine spatial planning is an approach to managing maritime activities while ensuring human well-being and biodiversity conservation as key pillars for sustainable development. Here, we use a comprehensive literature review and a co-development process with experts to build an assessment framework and tool that integrates the fundamental principles of an ecosystem approach to management and translates them into specific actions to be undertaken during planning processes. We illustrate the potential of this tool through the evaluation of two national marine spatial plans (Spain and France), in consultation with the representatives involved in their development and implementation. To ensure more coherent future planning, socio-ecological system evolution in a climate change scenario and the future marine space needs of maritime sectors should be considered, as well as improving the governance structure and knowledge of ecosystem processes. This framework provides a consistent and transparent assessment method for practitioners and competent authorities. Marine planners and authorities can translate ecosystem management principles into specific actions during the marine spatial planning process by using the assessment tool that integrates knowledge from the co-development expert process and literature review.