Maribavir for refractory cytomegalovirus infection (with or without resistance) in solid organ transplant recipients: Subgroup analysis of the phase 3 randomized SOLSTICE study
Emily A. Blumberg, Oliver Witzke, Mark Harber, Michael G. Ison, Faouzi Saliba, Nassim Kamar, Aimee K. Sundberg, Joan Gu, Deepali Kumar, Ricardo M. La Hoz
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the phase 3 SOLSTICE study (NCT02931539), maribavir was superior to investigator-assigned therapy (IAT) for confirmed cytomegalovirus viremia clearance at study week 8 in hematopoietic cell/solid organ transplant (HCT/SOT) recipients. We report additional efficacy and safety analyses from the SOT subgroup. METHODS: Eligible SOT recipients (n=211) received maribavir 400 mg twice daily (n=142) or IAT (n=69) for 8 weeks (12 weeks' follow-up). Cytomegalovirus viremia clearance at week 8 (primary endpoint) and cytomegalovirus viremia clearance plus symptom control at the end of week 8 maintained through week 16 (key secondary endpoint) were assessed. Graft outcomes and treatment-emergent adverse events were analyzed. RESULTS: A higher proportion of maribavir-treated patients achieved the primary endpoint than with IAT across transplant organ types, including kidney (maribavir: 59.5%, IAT: 34.4%), lung (47.5%, 13.6%), and heart (42.9%, 11.1%). Similar proportions of patients achieved the key secondary endpoint in both arms (13.4% versus 11.6%; adjusted difference: 2.4%; 95% CI: -7.05, 11.83%; p=0.620). Rates of treatment-emergent adverse events were: maribavir (96.5%), IAT (88.4%). Maribavir (3.5%) had fewer treatment discontinuations due to treatment-emergent adverse events than IAT (23.2%). There were no graft losses; patients in both arms experienced acute rejection (maribavir: 9 [6.3%]; IAT: 4 [5.8%]). Treatment-emergent maribavir mutations occurred in 28.2% of patients; 19/33 patients achieved viremia clearance with subsequent alternative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with findings in the overall SOLSTICE population, this subgroup analysis of SOT recipients demonstrated greater effectiveness of maribavir for cytomegalovirus viremia clearance and fewer discontinuations due to treatment-emergent adverse events than IAT. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02931539.