Transforming Future 6G Networks via O-RAN-Empowered NTNs
Shadab Mahboob, Jiongyu Dai, Alkan Soysal, Lingjia Liu
Abstract
This article presents the open radio access network (O-RAN)'s pivotal role in empowering non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) within future 6th generation (6G) cellular frameworks. O-RAN facilitates interoperable interfaces, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven network control, and cost-efficient disaggregated network architectures for the next-generation mobile networks. NTNs are anticipated to play a significant role in the evolution of future 6G networks, offering widespread, sustainable, and reliable connectivity. We investigate unique architectural challenges introduced by the O-RAN-empowered NTN framework and discuss solutions leveraging AI for predicting future network state information. First, we explore the relevant background and motivating factors for the O-RAN-empowered NTNs. Then, we propose potential architectures and address a key design question related to the placement of the RAN intelligent controller (RIC) in the integrated framework. Next, we present a case study demonstrating the feasibility of placing the near-real-time RIC on the ground in regenerative architectures. This approach utilizes deep learning-based AI prediction of network states from delayed feedback, and approaches the performance of RIC-on-satellite case conserving energy. Finally, we offer future research directions for exploring various options within the O-RAN-empowered NTN framework.