Optimized Sizing of ESSs in Non-Array Formed Wind Farm for Frequency Support Considering Multi-Directional Wake Effect
Linyun Xiong, Tongkun Li, Sunhua Huang, Penghan Li, Ziqiang Wang, Zhaozun Sun, Tao Niu
Abstract
The wake effect may reduce the received wind speeds by the wind turbines (WTs), leading to degraded performance in power system frequency support. Existing researches only consider the impact of single-directional wake effect on the WT's frequency support ability, neglecting the scenarios of non-array formed wind farm where the wake effect might be multi-directional. Out of this consideration, this paper proposes an optimal energy storage system sizing (OES) scheme to mitigate the impact of multi-directional wake (MDW) effect on the WT's frequency support performance. Firstly, we consider the scenario of none-array formed WF layout, and develop the MDW effect model which incorporates 8 characteristic wind directions to assess the reduction of the received wind speed by the WTs. Subsequently, the impact of MDW effect on the WTs' frequency support margin (FSM) is evaluated based on the grid synchronization characteristic curves. Meanwhile, the WTs are divided into separate clusters based on their FSM via fuzzy K-means algorithm. Afterwards, the OES scheme is proposed, which tries to maximize the coherency level among different WTs in their FSM by optimally allocating ESSs in each cluster. Ultimately, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed OES scheme is validated via simulations and comparative study.