Satellite Localization of IoT Devices Using Signal Strength and Doppler Measurements
Iza S. Mohamad Hashim, Akram Al‐Hourani, Branko Ristić
Abstract
Determining the location of wireless devices is vital in many applications. However, global navigation satellite system technologies require a dedicated hardware module installed in the device, imposing additional power and cost constraints. This letter presents a framework to passively localize ground wireless devices by a constellation of satellites using only the signal strength and Doppler measurements. We derive the likelihood of the measurements and then compare two methods: first by applying a stochastic optimizer, namely simulated annealing, and second using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to draw a sample distribution of the estimated location and the device Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP). Simulation results under realistic Internet-of-things scenarios show that reliable IoT device localization can be achieved using several satellites.