Sunlight assisted degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles green synthesized using Vitex negundo plant leaf extract
Srinivasan Venkatesan, S. Suresh, J. Arumugam, P. Ramu, N. Pugazhenthiran, R. Jothilakshmi, K.M. Prabu
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were formed through a simple green synthesis route using Vitex negundo (V. negundo) leaf extract as reducing and capping source. Morphological, structural, chemical and optical features of prepared ZnO NPs were examined by field emission SEM, XRD, EDAX, PL, FTIR and UV-vis DRS, respectively. FESEM images precisely visualized morphology of the ZnO NPs as spherical with particles size ranges between 5 and 35 nm having a mean diameter of ∼19 nm. XRD pattern revealed formation of hexagonal wurtzite structured ZnO NPs with high crystallinity. Asymmetric stretching vibration of Zn-O bond through FTIR analysis confirmed formation of hexagonal wurtzite structured ZnO NPs. Catalytic activity of the ZnO NPs was assessed against methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under natural sunlight illumination. Results of the photocatalytic experiment disclosed an impressive MB dye degradation efficiency of 98.50% at 60 min. Moreover, green synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited a maximum mineralization (TOC removal) efficiency of 92.34% at 5 h of sunlight illumination.