Generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model in Non-Riemannian geometry
M. Sharif, Madiha Ajmal
Abstract
Abstract In this paper, we analyze cosmic evolution and current expansion using the generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model for the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> gravity, where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mml:mi> </mml:math> represents the non-metricity. For this objective, we examine interacting forms of dark energy model and reconstruct <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">Q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> gravity in terms of red-shift parameter. We establish various standard cosmological parameters including the equation of state parameter, the squared speed of sound, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo accent="true">′</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> and r − s -planes to examine the impact of this dark energy model. The analysis reveals that all the reconstructed models exhibit an increasing or decreasing trend in the pilgrim dark energy parameter. The equation of state parameter depicts the phantom era, while the squared speed of sound reveals a stable generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy model for the entire cosmic evolutionary paradigm. Finally, we study the cosmography of the <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo accent="true">′</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> and r − s planes that correspond to the freezing region and Chaplygin gas model, respectively. We conclude that all the outcomes are consistent with the pilgrim dark energy phenomenon.