Gut bacteria <i>Akkermansia</i> elicit a specific IgG response in CSF of patients with MS
Amélie Vallino, Amélie Dos Santos, Camille Mathé, Alexandra Garcia, J. Morille, Emilie Dugast, Sita Shah, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Charles-Antoine Guilloux, Patrick J. Gleeson, Renato C. Monteiro, Jean‐Paul Soulillou, Jean Harb, Edith Bigot‐Corbel, Laure Michel, Sandrine Wiertlewski, Arnaud Nicot, David Laplaud, Laureline Berthelot
Abstract
MS is a chronic inflammatory disease of the CNS involving T cell and B cell responses. Recently, several studies have described modifications of specific bacterium abundances of gut microbiota in patients with remitting–relapsing MS compared with healthy individuals (see for review1). This was often associated with an increase in Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, transfer of gut microbiota from patients with MS to mice induced proinflammatory responses and exacerbation of the disease, whereas microbiota from healthy volunteers (HVs) were less inflammatory.2,3 Because bacteria in the gut modulate immune responses, we assessed the antibody production against A muciniphila in patients with MS. In CSF, levels of anti- A muciniphila immunoglobulin G (IgG) were increased in patients with MS compared with controls, whereas no difference was found for levels of IgG against Escherichia coli , Fusobacterium necrophorum , Acinetobacter baumannii , Prevotella melaninogenica , and Bacteroides fragilis .