α-Mangostin and its derivatives against estrogen receptor alpha
Richa Mardianingrum, Muhammad Yusuf, Maywan Hariono, Amirah Mohd Gazzali, Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) acts as the transcription factor and the main therapeutic target against breast cancer. One of the compounds that has been shown to act as an ERα is α-mangostin. However, it still has weaknesses due to its low solubility and low potent activity. In this study, α-mangostin was modified by substituting –OH group at C6 using benzoyl derivatives through a step by step in silico study, namely pharmacokinetic prediction (https://preadmet.bmdrc.kr/adme/), pharmacophore modeling (LigandScout 4.1), molecular docking simulation (AutoDock 4.2), molecular dynamics simulation (AMBER 16) and a binding free energy analysis using MM–PBSA method. From the computational studies, three compounds which are derived from α-mangostin (AMB-1 (−9.84 kcal/mol), AMB-2 (−6.80 kcal/mol) and AMB-10 (−12.42 kcal/mol)) have lower binding free energy than α-mangostin (−1.77 kcal/mol), as evidenced by the binding free energy calculation using the MM–PBSA method. They can then be predicted to have potent activities as ERα antagonists.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma