The Role of Endothelial Senescence in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy
Manav Gandhi, Shahzaib Haider, Helen Chang, Andrius Kazlauskas
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Key drivers of DR include mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, which lead to premature senescence of cells within the retinal vasculature. Senolytics improve outcomes in both animal models and in patients with severe forms of DR. In this review, we discuss (i) the role of endothelial senescence in each stage of DR pathogenesis, (ii) methods for detecting senescence in cultured endothelial cells and retinal vessels, and (iii) potential mechanistic explanations for how cells within retinal vessels resist DM-driven senescence.
Topics & Concepts
SenescenceDiabetic retinopathyPathogenesisOxidative stressRetinopathyDiabetes mellitusRetinalInflammationMedicineEndothelial dysfunctionBiologyImmunologyOphthalmologyInternal medicineEndocrinologyRetinal Diseases and TreatmentsRetinal Imaging and AnalysisNeutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms