Asociación de un índice de dieta saludable y sostenible con sobrepeso y obesidad en adultos mexicanos
Teresa Shamah‐Levy, Elsa Berenice Gaona‐Pineda, Verónica Mundo‐Rosas, Ignacio Méndez‐Gómez‐Humarán, Sonia Rodríguez‐Ramírez
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between a healthy and sustainable dietary index (HSDI) and overweight and obesity in Mexican adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed a sample of Mexican adults (n=11 506) from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-19 with body mass index and dietary intake data. We estimated the HSDI score based on foods and beverages recorded in a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, which were classified into 13 food groups. Ordinal logistic model was fitted to analyze the association between HSDI score and overweight and obesity. RESULTS: The mean HSDI score was 6.7 out of 13 points. A significant interaction of HSDI score and sex was found. Men with higher HSDI score showed lower obesity prevalence (OR=0.55, p<0.05); this association was not sig-nificant in women. CONCLUSIONS: A higher HSDI is related to a lower prevalence of obesity and therefore of chronic diseases. Further research is required for its implementation at the population level.