Inhibition of Vanadium Cathode Dissolution in Zinc‐Ion Batteries on Thermodynamics and Kinetics by Guest Pre‐Intercalation
Zhuo Chen, Huibin Liu, Shiyuan Fan, Qicheng Zhang, Chen Yuan, Wenchao Peng, Yang Li, Xiaobin Fan
Abstract
Abstract Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs), recognized for their safety and environmental friendliness, hold significant promise for large‐scale energy storage. However, the rapid capacity degradation resulting from the dissolution of active cathode materials hampers the advancement of AZIBs. Here, Ru 0.2 V 2 O 5 ∙0.41H 2 O (RuVO) is synthesized with remarkable capacity retention (98.2% over 5000 cycles at 10 A g −1 ). The pre‐intercalation of Ru 3+ enhances the stability of both intrinsic and cycling structures, elevating the Gibbs free energy and suppressing V‐dissolution thermodynamically. Additionally, Ru 3+ intercalation modulates the potential energy surface of Zn 2+ migration, leading to the dominance of Zn 2+ in the insertion/extraction mechanism, thereby kinetically impeding the dissolution reaction. This study elucidates the dissolution thermodynamics and kinetics of V‐based cathodes through a combination of experiments, mechanism analyses, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.