Dendritic Mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub>-Based SERS-Nanozyme-Mediated Immunochromatographic Detection of Foodborne Viruses with Enhanced Sensitivity across Multiple Scenarios
Jiaxuan Li, Qing Yu, Zhengkang Li, Zeyong Xu, Bingjie Wang, Ting Wu, Guanghua Li, Chongwen Wang, Bing Gu
Abstract
Detecting low-concentration foodborne viruses in complex samples has long posed a great challenge. Here, we propose a colorimetric enhancement-surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) quantitative dual-mode immunochromatographic assay (ICA), characterized by high flexibility, sensitivity, and stability, which can rapidly and accurately detect viruses in various environments, including field, home, and clinical laboratory settings. A multifunctional SERS nanozyme tag (DSAIA) is customized using dendritic mesoporous SiO 2 as the core, which is densely loaded with AuIr catalytic particles and coated with a layer of highly active 35 nm Au nanoparticles on the exterior, thereby simultaneously achieving monodispersity, strong peroxidase activity, and a high density of efficient SERS hotspots. By incorporating antibody-modified DSAIA into the ICA platform, the established technology facilitates rapid dual-mode detection of two significant foodborne viruses, norovirus (NoV) and adenovirus (AdV). In the nanozyme catalytic mode (visual recognition), the detection limits for NoV and AdV reached 0.001 ng/mL and 10 2 PFU/mL, respectively; in the SERS mode (instrumental analysis), the technology enables precise quantitative analysis and further lowers the detection limits to 0.00014 ng/mL (NoV) and 11 PFU/mL (AdV). Furthermore, by testing 92 clinical stool samples, the practicality of the proposed assay was confirmed, underscoring its immense potential for real-time virus detection.