Contamination and ecological risk assessment of trace elements in sediments of the Anzali Wetland, Northern Iran
Marjan Esmaeilzadeh, Elham Mahmodpor, Somayeh Haghighat, Sara Esmaeilzadeh, Hamide Aliani, Najmeh Yazdanfar
Abstract
In this paper, concentrations of some heavy metals in surficial sediments of the International Anzali Wetland were measured, this wetland is located in the northern part of Iran. Sediment pollution levels were examined and analyzed using reliable pollution indices including Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and Enrichment Factor (CF), and finally it was revealed that heavy metal pollution ranged from low to moderate loads in the wetland. According to Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) and Ecological Risk Index (ERI), it was concluded that As and Ni may have significant toxic impacts on aquatic organisms and also according to Effect Range Median (ERM), the toxicity probability of sediments in the Anzali wetland was estimated at 21%.