Gut Resistome of Preschool Children After Prolonged Mass Azithromycin Distribution: A Cluster-randomized Trial
Ahmed M. Arzika, Ramatou Maliki, Amza Abdou, Alio Karamba Mankara, Abdoul Naser Harouna, Catherine Cook, Armin Hinterwirth, Lee Worden, Lina Zhong, Cindi Chen, Kevin Ruder, Zhaoxia Zhou, Elodie Lebas, Kieran S. O’Brien, Catherine E. Oldenburg, Victoria Le, Benjamin F. Arnold, Travis C. Porco, Jeremy D. Keenan, Thomas M. Lietman, Thuy Doan
Abstract
We evaluated the gut resistome of children from communities treated with 10 twice-yearly azithromycin distributions. Although the macrolide resistance remained higher in the azithromycin arm, the selection of non-macrolide resistance observed at earlier time points did not persist. Longitudinal resistance monitoring should be a critical component of mass distribution programs. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02047981.