Bioconvection impact on chemically reactive Prandtl–Eyring nanofluid flow through Darcy–Forchheimer media based on Buongiorno's framework

Abstract

In the design of efficient nanodevices particularly microchannels used for cooling electronic components, precise control of fluid flow, and heat dissipation is essential to prevent overheating and potential damage to sensitive parts. By applying mathematical models based on Prandtl–Eyring theory, engineers can accurately predict temperature and velocity distributions within the microchannels during the design phase. Authors noted that there is a dearth of examinations conducted on Prandtl–Eyring fluid with the influence of activation energy, thermophoresis, and bioconvection. Authors utilized the research gap and studied the investigation of chemically reactive Prandtl–Eyring nanofluid driven by Darcy–Forchheimer media with the influence of Arrhenius activation energy and bioconvective gyrotactic microorganisms. The tiny organisms were suspended in the liquid to stabilize the particles and prevent them from precipitating out of solution, which is known as bioconvection. Through suitable transformations, the governing partial differential equations were reduced to a complex system of coupled ordinary differential equations. A model of the nanofluid was then developed using Buongiorno's well-established approach. The numerical solver “bvp4c” with Shooting method was employed to determine the numerical responses for the problem under investigation. The impact of various influential factors was examined numerically for several important physical quantities, with results reported concisely in tabular form. Validation against previous work in a limiting case demonstrated excellent agreement, verifying the accuracy of the model. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this analysis is novel, and there is no earlier published work relevant to the current study.

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