Plasma Amyloid-β in Relation to Antibodies Against Herpes Simplex Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and <i>Chlamydophila pneumoniae</i>
Karin Lopatko Lindman, Bodil Weidung, Jan Olsson, Maria Josefsson, Anders Johansson, Sture Eriksson, Göran Hallmans, Fredrik Elgh, Hugo Lövheim
Abstract
Background: Amyloid-β (Aβ), the key constituent of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) plaques, has antimicrobial properties. Objective: To investigate the association between plasma Aβ and antibodies against the AD-related pathogens herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and C. pneumoniae. Methods: Plasma from 339 AD cases, obtained on average 9.4 years (±4.00) before diagnosis, and their matched controls were analyzed for Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 concentrations with Luminex xMAP technology and INNOBIA plasma Aβ-form assays. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were utilized for analyses of anti-HSV immunoglobulin (Ig) G, anti-HSV1 IgG, anti-HSV2 IgG, anti-CMV IgG, and anti- C. pneumoniae IgG. Follow-up samples were available for 150 of the cases. Results: Presence and levels of anti-HSV1 IgG, anti-HSV2 IgG, anti-CMV IgG, and anti- C. pneumoniae IgG did not correlate with concentrations of Aβ 42 or Aβ 40 in cases or controls. Conclusion: Levels of plasma Aβ were not associated with antibodies against different AD-related pathogens.