<scp>ATP</scp> levels influence cell movement during the mound phase in <i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i> as revealed by <scp>ATP</scp> visualization and simulation
Haruka Hiraoka, Jiewen Wang, Tadashi Nakano, Yasuhiro Hirano, Shin‐ichi Yamazaki, Yasushi Hiraoka, Tokuko Haraguchi
Abstract
Cell migration plays an important role in multicellular organism development. The cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum is a useful model organism for the study of cell migration during development. Although cellular ATP levels are known to determine cell fate during development, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that ATP-rich cells efficiently move to the central tip region of the mound against rotational movement during the mound phase. A simulation analysis based on an agent-based model reproduces the movement of ATP-rich cells observed in the experiments. These findings indicate that ATP-rich cells have the ability to move against the bulk flow of cells, suggesting a mechanism by which high ATP levels determine the cell fate of differentiation.