Spectral properties of a one-dimensional extended Hubbard model from bosonization and time-dependent variational principle: Applications to one-dimensional cuprates
Hao-Xin Wang, Yiming Wu, Yi‐Fan Jiang, Hong Yao
Abstract
Motivated by recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments on doped one-dimensional (1D) cuprates, we investigate spectral properties of a 1D extended Hubbard model with both on-site repulsion $U$ and nearest-neighbor interaction $V$, by employing bosonization analysis and the high-precision time-dependent variational principle (TDVP) calculations with large scale up to 300 sites. From state-of-the-art TDVP calculations, we find that the spectral weights of the holon-folding and $3{k}_{F}$ branches evolve oppositely as a function of $V$, and a moderate attractive $V$ may best fit the experimental results, hinting at the possible existence of sizable electron-phonon coupling in cuprates. From bosonization analysis, we show that this peculiar dichotomy of holon-folding and $3{k}_{F}$ branches can be explained by a universal relation between the spectral intensity at arbitrary harmonic branches and the Luttinger parameters. We argue that the relation we establish can be used for detecting different interactions in various 1D systems.