Optimization of Nasal Liposome Formulation of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride using a Box-Behnken Experimental Design
Sulekha Khute, Rajendra Jangde
Abstract
Intranasal administration is one of the most effective alternatives to deliver drugs directly to the brain and prevent first-pass metabolism. Venlafaxine-loaded liposomes (LPs) are biocompatible carriers that enhance transport qualities over the nasal mucosa. This research aimed to develop, formulate, characterize, and observe the prepared formulation. The formulation was developed using the thin-film hydration (TFH) technique. The optimized independent factors followed the concentration of lipid, cholesterol, and polymer, i.e., lipid (X1), col (X2), and poly (X3), and dependent variables such as particle size, PS (Y1), percentage entrapment efficiency (%EE) Y2 and percentage drug release % DR (Y3) were ascertained using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) design. The drug-release chitosan-coated LPs were reported to have a particle size distribution (PS), entanglement efficiency (EE), and 84%, respectively, of 191 34.71 nm, 94 2.71%, and 94 2.71%. According to in vitro investigations, LPs as a delivery system for the nasal route provided a more sustained drug release than the oral dosage form. The intranasal administration of venlafaxine liposomal vesicles effectively enhanced the absolute bioavailability, retention time, and brain delivery of venlafaxine.