Real-Time Multiscale Monitoring and Tailoring of Graphene Growth on Liquid Copper
Maciej Jankowski, Mehdi Saedi, Francesco La Porta, Anastasios C. Manikas, Christos Tsakonas, Juan Santiago Cingolani, Mie Andersen, Marc de Voogd, G. J. C. van Baarle, Karsten Reuter, Costas Galiotis, G. Renaud, Oleg Konovalov, Irene M. N. Groot
Abstract
methods: synchrotron X-ray diffraction and reflectivity, Raman spectroscopy, and radiation-mode optical microscopy. This has allowed us to control graphene growth parameters such as shape, dispersion, and the hexagonal supra-organization with very high accuracy. Furthermore, the switch from continuous polycrystalline film to the growth of millimeter-sized defect-free single crystals could also be accomplished. The presented results have far-reaching consequences for studying and tailoring 2D material formation processes on LMCats under CVD growth conditions. Finally, the experimental observations are supported by multiscale modeling that has thrown light into the underlying mechanisms of graphene growth.