Neoadjuvant chemotherapy by liposomal doxorubicin boosts immune protection of tumor membrane antigens-based nanovaccine
Yang Chen, Hao Qin, Nan Li, Yaohua Wei, Yixuan Lin, Ronghui Deng, Hao Ding, Yuanyuan Lv, Tianyu Ma, Rong Li, Changhao Xiong, Guyu Zheng, Hanqing Chen, Jian Shi, Yuliang Zhao, Ruifang Zhao, Guangjun Nie
Abstract
Autologous tumor cell membrane antigen-based vaccines (TMVs) have garnered extensive attention as personalized immunotherapy. However, patients who take TMVs therapy usually undergo various treatments prior to surgery, and these processes modulate the immunogenicity of the tumor membrane and the tumor immune microenvironment. Herein, we investigate the impact of preoperative chemotherapy on the efficacy of TMVs. Liposomal doxorubicin ameliorates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhances immunological molecule expression on the tumor membrane. This has driven TMVs to elicit a more robust immune response than doxorubicin, resulting in more effective immune protection. The TMVs formulated from liposomal doxorubicin-treated tumors induce superior dendritic cell maturation and T cell activation compared to doxorubicin, thus demonstrating better efficacy in preventing recurrence and metastasis in the postoperative murine model. Collectively, our study suggests that chemotherapy can induce immunomodulatory changes that augment the therapeutic potential of immunotherapy and provides valuable insights into the clinical utilization of TMVs. • Neoadjuvant chemotherapy facilitates the efficacy of TMVs • NP-Dox chemotherapy ameliorates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment • NP-Dox chemotherapy enhances tumor membrane immune-related molecules • TMVs derived from NP-Dox-treated tumors exhibit potent anti-tumor efficacy Chen et al. demonstrate a tumor membrane antigens-based nanovaccine derived from liposomal doxorubicin-treated tumor tissues, which is efficacious in inducing a potent immunological defense against tumors. Liposomal doxorubicin endows the capacity to both activate the tumor immune microenvironment and augment the expression of immune-associated molecules on the tumor membrane.