Class of Solid-like Electrolytes for Rechargeable Batteries Based on Metal–Organic Frameworks Infiltrated with Liquid Electrolytes
Shengxiang Ma, Li Shen, Qian Liu, Wenyue Shi, Chen Zhang, Fang Liu, Jesse Baucom, Dong Zhang, Huijuan Yue, Hao Bin Wu, Yunfeng Lu
Abstract
A new family of solid-like electrolytes was developed by infiltrating MIL-100(Al), an electrochemically stable metal–organic-framework (MOF) material, with liquid electrolytes that contain cations from the 3rd period (Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+) and the 1st group (Li+, Na+, K+, and Cs+). The anions were immobilized within the MOF scaffolds upon complexing with the open metal sites, allowing effective transport of the cations in the nanoporous channels with high conductivity (up to 1 mS cm–1) and low activation energy (down to 0.2 eV). This general approach enables the fabrication of superior conductive solid-like electrolytes beyond lithium ions.