Determination of heavy metals in raw and pasteurized liquid milk ofBangladesh to assess the potential health risks
G. M. M. Anwarul Hasan, Md. Humayun Kabir, Md. Abdus Satter Miah
Abstract
Milk is a balanced diet and the consumption of milk is increasing day by day in Bangladesh. For public health concerns, it becomes essential to detect the amount of heavy metals in milk and their effects on human health. For this purpose, the potential health risks of adults and children due to consumption of Cow raw milk and liquid Pasteurized milk were accessed. In this research, the concentrations of eight heavy metals namely Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) in 64 samples of raw and liquid Pasteurized cow’s milk were accessed. These samples are collected from 64 different administrative areas of Bangladesh. From this study, it was found that Cu showed the highest concentration and daily intake rate; while Pb showed the lowest concentration and daily intake among these metals. Except for Cr, the value of estimated daily intake (EDI) of the heavy metals was found to be lower than the permissible value. From the results of EDI, it can be concluded that the minor potential health risks may occur due to the consumption of raw and liquid pasteurized milk samples. From Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values, it can be said that there is no chance of non-carcinogenic health risks. From the Target Carcinogenic Risk (TCR) values of As and Pb, it could be suggested that child milk consumers are sensitive to be exposed to carcinogenic health risk.