COVID-19: challenges for dementia care and research
Márcia Cristina Nascimento Dourado, Tatiana Belfort, Alexandre Magno Frota Monteiro, Aline Tavares de Lucena, Isabel Barbeito Lacerda, Julia Gaigher, Maria Alice Tourinho Baptista, Michelle Brandt, Nathália Ramos Kimura, Natalie de Souza, Paula Gasparini, Rogéria Rangel, Valeska Marinho
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns about the management and care for people with dementia and their caregivers. In this context, this work will discuss how social isolation or social distancing caused by the pandemic may impact the clinical management of people with dementia, caregivers' health, and dementia research. The pandemic disrupts all forms of social interaction and may increase the behavioral impairment of people with dementia. Regarding pharmacological treatment, telemedicine is an option, but the context of social isolation raises questions about how to manage people with dementia with lack of cognitive stimulation and non-pharmacological treatment. In addition, the impact of the pandemic on caregivers should be considered. There is some evidence that telephone counseling can reduce depressive symptoms of caregivers of people with dementia. In dementia research, social isolation imposes researchers to modify their study protocols in order to continue collecting data by developing remote tools to assess the participants such as electronic informed consent and online questionnaires and tests. Thus, there is an urgent need for the evaluation and refinement of interventions to address several cognitive, behavioral, and clinical aspects of the long-term impact of the pandemic in dementia.