Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anticancer Therapies: A Call for Integrated Cardio-Oncology Practice
Giuliana Ciappina, Luigi Colarusso, Enrica Maiorana, Alessandro Ottaiano, Tindara Franchina, Antonio Picone, Gaetano Facchini, Chiara Barraco, Antonio Ieni, Maurizio Cusmà-Piccione, Concetta Zito, Massimiliano Berretta
Abstract
The introduction of novel oncologic therapies, including targeted agents, immunotherapies, and antibody-drug conjugates, has transformed the therapeutic landscape of cancer care. This evolution has resulted in a dual clinical scenario; while survival outcomes have markedly improved, leading to a growing population of long-term cancer survivors, an increasing incidence of previously unrecognized treatment-related toxicities has emerged. Among these, cardiovascular adverse events represent some of the most prevalent and clinically significant complications observed in both conventional chemotherapy and modern therapeutic regimens. Cardiotoxicity has become a major concern, with the potential to adversely affect not only cardiovascular health but also the continuity and efficacy of oncologic treatments, thereby impacting overall survival. This opinion paper synthesizes current evidence, identifies critical gaps in knowledge, and advocates for a multidisciplinary, evidence-based framework to guide the prevention, early detection, and optimal management of cardiotoxicity associated with anticancer therapies.