Performance Enhancement of Hybrid Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array Using Cylindrical and Conical Elements for 5.5 GHz Wireless Communication Systems
Krishnamoorthy Nandhakumar, T P Ramachandran
Abstract
This paper presents a high-performance dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array that integrates cylindrical and conical elements to achieve enhanced radiation characteristics at 5.5 GHz forwireless communication systems. The proposed design evolves through three configurations: a single cylindrical DRA, a 1×2 array combining one cylindrical and one conical resonator, and a 1×4 array comprising two cylindrical and two conical DRAs. All configurations are implemented on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate and excited using an asymmetrically branched 50 Ω microstrip power divider. The simulation is performed using HFSS software, demonstrate significant improvements across each stage, with the final 1×4 array configuration achieving a return loss of −65.09 dB, a VSWR of 1.0011, and a peak gain of 13 dBi, electric field, and magnetic field distributions confirm efficient excitation and radiation. while surface current and field distribution plots confirm efficient energy coupling and strong hybrid mode excitation. A detailed parametric study highlights the influence of microstrip power divider length, resonator radius and height. With its compact structure, high gain, and superior impedance characteristics, these results demonstrate that the proposed cylindrical conical DRA array offers a compact, low loss, and high efficiency solution for next generation sub 6 GHz wireless applications such as Wi-Fi, 5G,IoT networks. and point to point links requiring robust high gain performance and excellent impedance bandwidth.