Vegetation-based approached for tsunami risk reduction: Insights and challenges
Benazir Benazir, Radianta Triatmadja, Syamsidik Syamsidik, Nizam, Warniyati
Abstract
This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of utilizing coastal vegetation as a mitigation strategy against tsunamis. It begins with an introduction to the historical impact of tsunamis on coastal vegetation and explores various types of trees known for their tsunami defense characteristics. The paper examines how vegetation can effectively protect against tsunamis based on past events, supported by both experimental and numerical studies. It also delves into innovative concepts proposed by researchers, including hybrid defense systems and optimized plantation layouts, to enhance the protective capabilities of coastal vegetation. Case studies from Aceh and South Java illustrate practical applications of reforestation efforts aimed at tsunami mitigation. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges and limitations associated with implementing coastal vegetation strategies, emphasizing crucial factors such as maintenance and long-term sustainability. • Explores tsunamis' historical impact on coastal vegetation and innovative plant arrangements as a protective barrier. • Identifies critical limitations like tree breakage and the need for careful planning based on species and growth patterns. • Highlights vegetation's role in tsunami impact, focusing on growth time, plant health, and density's effect on efficacy • Stresses the need for policies to manage and maintain coastal vegetation effectively for tsunami mitigation. • Emphasizes community involvement via awareness programs and research to develop strategies and curb threats to ecosystems.