Evaluation of extensively drug-resistant gram-negative bacteremia among solid-organ transplant recipients: a multicenter study
Tuğba Yanık Yalçın, Özlem Kurt Azap, Adem Köse, Yaşar Bayındır, Elif Mukime Sarıcaoğlu, Güle Çınar, Yeşim Uygun Kızmaz, Ebru Kurşun, Hikmet Eda Alışkan, Yasemin Tezer Tekçe, Oya Özlem Eren Kutsoylu, Tufan Egeli, Alpay Arı, Yurdagül Albayrak, Hatice Çabadak, Seçil Deniz, Kübra DEMİR ÖNDER, Filiz Kızılateş, Hasan Selçuk Özger, Özlem Güzel Tunçcan, Mehmet Haberal
Abstract
Background/aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the distribution, sources, clinical features, and mortality rates of bacteremia due to evaluation of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) gram negative among solid-organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of SOT recipients with bacteremia due to XDR gram-negative pathogens in 11 centers between 2016 and 2018 was conducted. Patients’ records were evaluated. Results: Of 171 bacteremia that occurred in 164 SOT recipients, 93 (56.7%) were liver, 46 (28%) kidney, 14 (8.5%) heart, and 11 (6.7%) lung recipients. Bacteremia episodes were recorded in the first year in 63.7% of the patients (n = 109), early-onset bacteremia was recorded in 45% (n = 77) of the episodes. In multivariate analysis, catheter-associated bacteremia was an independent risk factor for 7-day mortality (p = 0.037), and early-onset bacteremia was found as an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality (p = 0.017). Conclusion: Difficult-to-treat infections due to XDR bacteria in SOT recipients shadow the success of transplantation. Central venous catheters seem to be the main risk factor. Judicious use of medical devices is of pivotal importance.