The effects of vitamin D levels on physical, mental health, and sleep quality in adults: a comprehensive investigation
Anurag Singh, Sachin Kumar, Shivang Mishra, Sumit Rajotiya, Sourav Debnath, Preeti Raj, Hemant Bareth, Mahaveer Singh, Deepak Nathiya, Balvir Singh Tomar
Abstract
Background Vitamin D, essential hormone for endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine functions. A billion people are deficient globally which contributing to numerous health issues. This study explores the link between vitamin D levels and sleep quality, impacting mental and physical health in adults. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Nims Hospital, Jaipur, involving 484 adults’ participants. Blood samples were collected for serum 25(OH) D measurements. Data were gathered using the SF-36 and ISI questionnaires to assess health and sleep quality. Results Higher vitamin D levels were strongly linked to better physical health, including physical function ( r = 0.642, p < 0.001), general health ( r = 0.560, p < 0.001), and PCS score ( r = 0.441, p < 0.001). Vitamin D also positively impacted social functioning ( r = 0.096, p = 0.035) and was negatively related to ISI scores ( r = −0.112, p = 0.014). Conclusion The study highlights a strong link between higher vitamin D levels and improved physical and mental health, with significant negative correlation to ISI scores. This underscores the importance of adequate vitamin D for overall well-being. The findings call for urgent measures to address vitamin D deficiency and further research into its health impacts.