Seoul National University AGN Monitoring Project. V. Velocity-resolved H<i>β</i> Reverberation Mapping and Evidence of Kinematics Evolution
Shu Wang, Jong-Hak Woo, Aaron J. Barth, Vardha N. Bennert, Elena Gallo, Edmund Hodges‐Kluck, Minjin Kim, Suvendu Rakshit, Tommaso Treu, Hojin Cho, Kyle M. Kabasares, Matthew A. Malkan, Amit Kumar Mandal, Donghoon Son, U Vivian, Lizvette Villafaña
Abstract
Abstract We present velocity-resolved reverberation lags of H β for 20 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the Seoul National University AGN Monitoring Project. We detect unambiguous velocity-resolved structures in 12 AGNs, among which eight objects exhibit symmetric structures, two objects show inflow-like characteristics, and two objects display outflow-like signatures. For two AGNs, we successfully measure the velocity-resolved lags in different years, revealing evidence of evolving broad-line region (BLR) kinematics. By combining our sample with the literature velocity-resolved lags, we find that the symmetric velocity-resolved lags are the most common (40%) type among this sample. The frequency of inflow kinematics is also notable (20%), while outflow kinematics are less common (11%). Our sample significantly expands the previous velocity-resolved reverberation mapping sample in the high-luminosity regime, enabling us to constrain BLR kinematics across a large dynamic range of luminosity.