Current treatment options of refractory ascites in liver cirrhosis – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Valerie Will, Susana Rodrigues, Annalisa Berzigotti
Abstract
intrahepatic portosystemic shunt a b s t r a c t Background: Refractory ascites is a severe complication of liver cirrhosis and treatment options consist in large volume paracentesis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, alfapump, peritoneovenous shunt and permanent indwelling peritoneal catheter. Aim: Our aim was to assess the efficacy, mortality and complications of each treatment. Methods: We performed a systematic review using Pubmed and Embase. Frequencies were summarized with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. Results: Seventy-seven studies were included. In patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, 1-year mortality was 33% (95% CI 0.29-0.39, I 2 = 82.1; 2 = 0.37; p < 0.001) with lower mortality in newer studies (26% vs. 44%). At 6 months, mortality in patients with alfapump was 24% (95% CI 0.16-0.33, I 2 = 0.0 0; 2 = 0.0 0; p = 0.83), 31% developed acute kidney injury (95% CI 0.18-0.48, I 2 = 44.0; 2 = 0.22; p = 0.15). Mortality at 12 months was 44% (95% CI 32%-58%, I 2 = 76.7, 2 = 0.44, p < 0.001) in peritoneovenous shunts and 45% (95% CI 38%-53%, I 2 = 61.4, 2 = 0.18, p = 0.003) in large volume paracentesis, respectively. Overall mortality in patients with permanent indwelling catheters was 66% (95% CI 33%-89%, I 2 = 82.5, 2 = 1.57, p = 0.001).