Novel Decentralized Voltage-Centered EV Charging Control Algorithm Using DSRC System in Low Voltage Distribution Networks
Alexandru Kriukov, Mihai Gavrilaș, Ovidiu Ivanov, Gheorghe Grigoraş, Bogdan-Constantin Neagu, Florina Scarlatache
Abstract
Currently, all major Vehicle Manufacturers agree that the future of mobility is electric. All of them have started selling Electric Vehicles (EVs). It is clear that these types of vehicles will require charging, which in turn will have an impact over the power distribution systems. All the studies show that the impact over the power systems will be significant and may be disastrous in case there will be no investments. Unmanaged EVs charging can lead to a huge increase in energy costs due to an increased level of investments in energy infrastructure. This paper proposes a Decentralized EV Charging Control (DEV-CC) system that can be executed by the existing on-board Electronic Control Units (ECU) and uses Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) to establish communication between EVs. The proposed DEV-CC, adapts the EV charging power depending on the Low Voltage Distribution Networks (LVDN) voltage levels measured by EVs themselves. The main purpose of the proposed DEV-CC is to charge all EVs connected to the LVDN without allowing the voltage to drop below the imposed limit. As the results will show, the proposed DEV-CC manages to charge all EVs while keeping the voltage levels within the LVDN above the allowable limits. The proposed DEV-CC does not require any investments from the Distribution System Operator (DSO), can be implemented on EVs with minimal costs and is a viable solution to the expensive Smart Grid systems.