Host-directed editing of the SARS-CoV-2 genome
Tobias Mourier, Mukhtar Sadykov, Michael J. Carr, Gabriel González, William W. Hall, Arnab Pain
Abstract
The extensive sequence data generated from SARS-CoV-2 during the 2020 pandemic has facilitated the study of viral genome evolution over a brief period of time. This has highlighted instances of directional mutation pressures exerted on the SARS-CoV-2 genome from host antiviral defense systems. In this brief review we describe three such human defense mechanisms, the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like proteins (APOBEC), adenosine deaminase acting on RNA proteins (ADAR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and discuss their potential implications on SARS-CoV-2 evolution.
Topics & Concepts
APOBECADARBiologyGenomeRNA editingAdenosine deaminaseSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Host (biology)GeneticsVirologyMutationComputational biologyRNACoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)GeneAdenosineMedicineBiochemistryInfectious disease (medical specialty)PathologyDiseaseRNA regulation and diseaseinterferon and immune responsesViral Infections and Immunology Research