EEG-Based Emotion Recognition for Hearing Impaired and Normal Individuals With Residual Feature Pyramids Network Based on Time–Frequency–Spatial Features
Fazheng Hou, Junjie Liu, Zhongli Bai, Zhiyi Yang, Jiayin Liu, Qiang Gao, Yu Song
Abstract
With the development of affective computing, discriminative feature selection is critical for electroencephalography (EEG) emotion recognition. In this article, we fused four EEG feature matrices constructed by the preprocessed signal, the differential entropy (DE), the symmetric difference, and the symmetric quotient based on the International 10–20 system, which integrates time-, frequency-, and spatial-domain information of EEG signals. For the feature classification model, we used the space-to-depth (S2D) layer instead of the convolutional neural network (CNN) as the backbone to reduce the calculation of the model without affecting the classification performance. The residual feature pyramid network (RFPN) was proposed to obtain the correlation of channels, and then, the deep multiscale semantic information of EEG feature maps is captured. The emotion classification strategy was evaluated by DEAP, SEED, SEED-IV, and our hearing-impaired EEG dataset (HIED). The classification accuracies were 93.56% (four-class, DEAP), 96.84% (three-class, SEED), 91.62% (four-class, SEED-IV), and 87.74% (six-class, HIED). Furthermore, we also found that the difference in emotional response between the left and right brain regions of hearing-impaired subjects is more obvious than that of normal subjects.