In-situ growth of flower-like CdIn2S4 on three-dimensional microspheres SnIn4S8 to form S-scheme heterojunction for efficient detection of tert-butylhydroquinone in edible oils
Linzi Huang, Yilin Wang, Kunxiang Deng, Xiaoqian Sun, Xinyi Li, Yixi Xie, Pengcheng Zhao, Junjie Fei
Abstract
As an oil-soluble antioxidant, tert -butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is widely used in edible oils , so accurate control of its content is significant for food safety. Here, a CdIn 2 S 4 /SnIn 4 S 8 S-scheme heterojunction structure was constructed by in-situ growth of smooth flower-like CdIn 2 S 4 on rough three-dimensional SnIn 4 S 8 microspheres via a one-pot co-precipitation technique. Subsequently, TBHQ was combined with CdIn 2 S 4 /SnIn 4 S 8 /GCE, and the photocurrent signal was significantly increased, which could be detected in the concentration range from 0.02 to 150 μM, with the limit of detection as low as 2 nM. The reaction mechanism of CdIn 2 S 4 /SnIn 4 S 8 composites was verified by using density functional theory calculations. Meanwhile, the reason for the outstanding detection of TBHQ was investigated by exploring the electrostatic potential and the related redox potential . In addition, the sensor was demonstrated to have excellent recoveries by comparing UV–Vis spectrophotometry for the detection of TBHQ in peanut oil, canola oil, blended oil, and soybean oil.