Human-AI interaction in safety-critical network infrastructures
Marco Mussi, Alberto Maria Metelli, Marcello Restelli, Gianvito Losapio, Ricardo J. Bessa, Daniel Boos, Clark Borst, Giulia Leto, Alberto Castagna, Ricardo Chavarriaga, Duarte Dias, Adrian Egli, Andrina Eisenegger, Yassine El Manyari, Anton R. Fuxjäger, Joaquim Geraldes, Samira Hamouche, Mohamed Salah El-Din Hassouna, Bruno Lemetayer, Milad Leyli-Abadi, Roman Liessner, Jonas Lundberg, Antoine Marot, Maroua Meddeb, Viola Schiaffonati, Manuel Schneider, Thilo Stadelmann, Julia Usher, Herke van Hoof, Jan Viebahn, Toni Waefler, Giacomo Zanotti
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming every aspect of modern society. It demonstrates a high potential to contribute to more flexible operations of safety-critical network infrastructures under deep transformation to tackle global challenges, such as climate change, energy transition, efficiency, and digital transformation, including increasing infrastructure resilience to natural and human-made hazards. The widespread adoption of AI creates the conditions for a new and inevitable interaction between humans and AI-based decision systems. In such a scenario, creating an ecosystem in which humans and AI interact healthily, where the roles and positions of both actors are well-defined, is a critical challenge for research and industry in the coming years. This perspective article outlines the challenges and requirements for effective human-AI interaction by taking an interdisciplinary point of view that merges computer science, decision-making sciences, psychological constructs, and industrial practices. The work focuses on three emblematic safety-critical scenarios from two different domains: energy (power grids) and mobility (railway networks and air traffic management).