Heterolactone and Heterolactams A–M, Verticillane Diterpenoids with Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities from the Soft Coral <i>Heteroxenia ghardaqensis</i>
Xiao Han, Kun Liu, Anran Fu, Zongchen Ma, Zhe Wang, Xiaolei Li, Xuli Tang, Dahai Zhang, Guoqiang Li
Abstract
Fourteen new verticillane diterpenoids, heterolactone ( 1 ) and heterolactams A–M ( 2 – 14 ), were isolated from the soft coral Heteroxenia ghardaqensis . They structurally share the same 6/12 bicyclic carbon skeleton that is not commonly encountered in marine organisms. The structures, including the absolute configurations, were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, calculated ECD spectra, and DP4+ probability analyses. Compounds 5, 8, and 9 showed anti-inflammatory activities, and 2, 8, and 12 displayed hepatoprotective activities in zebrafish assays.
Topics & Concepts
CoralStereochemistryCarbon skeletonBicyclic moleculeZebrafishTerpenoidChemistryFish <Actinopterygii>Skeleton (computer programming)BiologyEcologyBiochemistryFisheryAnatomyGeneMarine Sponges and Natural ProductsMicrobial Natural Products and BiosynthesisTraditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae