Longitudinal Study after Sputnik V Vaccination Shows Durable SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies and Reduced Viral Variant Escape to Neutralization over Time
María Mora González López Ledesma, Lautaro Sánchez, Diego Ojeda, Santiago Oviedo Rouco, Andrés H. Rossi, Augusto Varese, Ignacio Mazzitelli, Carla A. Pascuale, Esteban Miglietta, Pamela Elizabeth Rodríguez, Horacio M. Pallarés, Guadalupe S. Costa Navarro, Julio J. Caramelo, Paul W. Rothlauf, Zhuoming Liu, Louis-Marie Bloyet, Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli, Natalí B. Rasetto, Shirley D. Wenker, Lila Y. Ramis, Magalí G. Bialer, María José de Leone, Carlos Esteban Hernando, Luciana Bianchimano, Antonella S. Ríos, María Soledad Treffinger Cienfuegos, Diana Rosa Rodríguez Garcia, Yesica Longueira, Natalia Laufer, Diego E. Álvarez, Ana Ceballos, Valeria Ochoa, Cecilia Monzani, Gariela Turk, Melina Salvatori, Jorge Carradori, Katherine Prost, Alejandra Rima, Claudia Varela, Regina Ercole, Rosana Toro, Sebastián Gutiérrez, Martín Zubieta, Dolores Acuña, Mercedes Soledad Nabaes Jodar, Carolina Torres, Laura Mojsiejczuk, Mariana Viegas, Pilar Velazquez, Clarisa Testa, Nicolás Kreplak, Marcelo J. Yanovsky, Sean P. J. Whelan, Jorge Geffner, Marina Pífano, Andrea V. Gamarnik
Abstract
Vaccines have been produced in record time for SARS-CoV-2, offering the possibility of halting the global pandemic. However, inequalities in vaccine accessibility in different regions of the world create a need to increase international cooperation. Sputnik V is a recombinant adenovirus-based vaccine that has been widely used in Argentina and other developing countries, but limited information is available about its elicited immune responses. Here, we examined longitudinal antibody levels and viral neutralizing capacity elicited by Sputnik V vaccination. Using a cohort of 118 volunteers, we found that while anti-spike antibodies wane over time, the neutralizing capacity to viral variants of concern and local variants of interest is maintained within 4 months of vaccination. In addition, we observed an increased cross-neutralization activity over time for the Beta and Gamma variants. This study provides valuable information about the immune response generated by a vaccine platform used in many parts of the world.