Ecological Benefits of Scarab beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) on Nutrient Cycles: A Review Article
Nadir Shah
Abstract
Scarab beetles also known as dung beetles is considered the most significant insect assemblies in the tropical zones because of their vital role in the nutrient recycling, helminthes control and seed dispersion as they use dung of herbivorous and omnivorous mammals as a food reserve. Many species of dung beetles can be functional on the wide range of food sources from flesh to dung or more particular means like mushrooms, diplopods, fruits, eggs vegetation and detritus. The species are extremely specialized, consuming definite primate dung. Though, varied aspects of the ecological history of dung beetles have been extensively studied, little is recognized about their particular use of different dung beetles in multiple nutrients cycles such as nitrogen cycle, organic matter decomposition, CH 4 emissions, NH 3 volatilization, greenhouse gases emission, waste management, forest and agro pasture ecosystem stability as well as soil and agricultural cycles. For this reason, this review paper offers a study likening the use of primate dung species by congregation of dung beetles in the ecological regions. Dung beetles and their functions are not consistently disseminated across the time and space that will present challenges to understand the crescendos of service assembly, even in those environments where environment service standards can be evidently delimited. The deteriorating global trends in food and habitat accessibility for Scarabaeine dung beetles are of inordinate review concern.