Ligand-Enabled Sustainable Gold Catalysis
Anil Kumar, Nitin T. Patil
Abstract
Gold catalysis has emerged as an efficient tool in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Despite the significant progress, the need for high catalyst loadings has mainly hampered its applicability in large-scale synthesis. Recent research has showcased the importance of ligand engineering to realize gold-catalyzed organic transformations at low catalyst loadings, at milder reactions conditions, and in greener solvents. In this perspective, we summarized the reports that clearly emphasize the crucial role of ligands in achieving the highly efficient gold-catalyzed organic transformations at low catalysts loadings (≤0.1 mol %) with high turnover numbers and turnover frequencies. This perspective also briefly discusses the challenges and future potential for the development of ppm-level gold catalysis.