Coupling net-zero modeling with sustainability transitions can reveal co-benefits and risks
Enayat A. Moallemi, Michael Battaglia, Jody Bruce, S Craig, Amro M. Farid, Lei Gao, Andy Hall, Peat Leith, Larelle McMillan, Duy Nong, Russell M. Wise, Stuart M. Whitten
Abstract
Energy modeling underpins the design and deployment of net-zero energy systems. However, many net-zero energy solutions, such as bioenergy and battery storage, are not fully sustainable, and energy models do not adequately account for their sustainability side effects. Here, we identify the scale and scope of challenges and opportunities in consolidating sustainability impacts into net-zero transitions through modeling. Energy modeling underpins the design and deployment of net-zero energy systems. However, many net-zero energy solutions, such as bioenergy and battery storage, are not fully sustainable, and energy models do not adequately account for their sustainability side effects. Here, we identify the scale and scope of challenges and opportunities in consolidating sustainability impacts into net-zero transitions through modeling.